What is the function of the rotator cuff?

The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles and their associated tendons that play a crucial role in the stability and movement of the shoulder joint. This anatomical structure is primarily responsible for keeping the humeral head (the upper part of the arm bone) securely positioned within the shallow socket of the shoulder blade (the glenoid). The group consists of the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis muscles, each contributing to various functions of shoulder mechanics.

By stabilizing the shoulder joint, the rotator cuff allows for a wide range of movements, including lifting, rotating, and reaching overhead. This stabilization is essential because the shoulder is highly mobile and relies on these muscles to prevent dislocation and maintain proper alignment during dynamic activities. Without the rotator cuff's support, the shoulder would be at a greater risk of injury and compromise functional movements.

The other options relate to functions not associated with the rotator cuff. For instance, wrist extension pertains to the muscles of the forearm, connecting the humerus to the clavicle does not accurately represent the function of the rotator cuff, and elbow flexion is primarily performed by different muscle groups that act on the elbow joint, not the shoulder.