What is scapular winging typically associated with?

Scapular winging is typically associated with weakness in the serratus anterior muscle. This muscle plays a crucial role in stabilizing the scapula against the thoracic wall. When the serratus anterior is weak, it cannot effectively hold the scapula in place, leading to the winging appearance of the scapula during arm movements, particularly when pushing or reaching forward.

The serratus anterior is innervated by the long thoracic nerve, and any compromise to this nerve or the muscle itself can result in noticeable scapular winging. This condition is often seen in individuals with injuries to the long thoracic nerve or conditions that lead to muscle atrophy.

In contrast, weakness in the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, or deltoid does not produce scapular winging. These muscles are primarily involved in the movement and stabilization of the shoulder joint, not directly in stabilizing the scapula against the chest wall. Therefore, when questioning scapular winging, the focus on the serratus anterior is imperative, making it the correct answer.