What does the term "shoulder stability" primarily refer to?

The term "shoulder stability" primarily refers to the ability of the shoulder joint to maintain its position during movement. This concept encompasses both static and dynamic stability, which are essential for the shoulder to function effectively, especially during activities that involve lifting, throwing, or overhead movements.

Shoulder stability is critical because the shoulder is a highly mobile joint, which also makes it susceptible to injuries if stability is compromised. The structures that contribute to shoulder stability include the joint capsule, ligaments, and the rotator cuff muscles. These elements work together to ensure that the humeral head remains properly positioned within the shallow socket of the scapula (the glenoid).

While range of motion, strength of muscles, and flexibility of tendons are important aspects of overall shoulder function, they do not fully encompass what is meant by shoulder stability. A stable joint can maintain its integrity and function effectively even as loads and movements change, which is essential for sports performance and daily activities.