In terms of range of motion, how does the glenohumeral joint compare to the elbow joint?

The glenohumeral joint, often referred to as the shoulder joint, is a ball-and-socket joint that allows for a significantly greater range of motion compared to the elbow joint, which is primarily a hinge joint. The design of the glenohumeral joint permits flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation, encompassing a wide arc of mobility in multiple planes. This extensive range of motion is essential for various upper extremity activities, including reaching, throwing, and lifting.

In contrast, the elbow joint's structure limits its motion primarily to flexion and extension, with some degree of rotation available at the forearm (pronation and supination), but this is less pronounced than the capabilities of the shoulder. Therefore, the glenohumeral joint indeed has a wider range of motion, making it more versatile for intricate movements involving the upper extremities.